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Title: A Genius for War: The German Army and General Staff, 1807-1945 by R. Ernest Dupuy, Trevor N. Dupuy ISBN: 0-9638692-1-3 Publisher: Dupuy Inst Pub. Date: January, 1995 Format: Paperback List Price(USD): $21.95 |
Average Customer Rating: 4.67 (3 reviews)
Rating: 4
Summary: A clear, concise summary
Comment: The impetus for writing this book came while Trevor Depuy was constructing a mathematical model for a World War II wargame based on the records of actual engagements between the Germans and Allies. Much to his surprise, he learned that even after several years of total war, homeland bombardment and facing numerically superior enemies, the Germans still retained a 30% edge in combat effectiveness. That is, on the battlefields of Europe in 1944, 100 German troops were the equivalent 130 US or British troops. He wanted to know how and why these "defeated" German armies could fight so well?
The answer to the riddle of superior German combat effectiveness, Depuy says, has nothing to do with genetic or cultural traits of aggressiveness or obedience to authority, as others have suggested. Rather, he argues that the superiority was a deliberate product of the German General Staff, which was incredibly successful in its mission of institutionalizing military excellence through extremely competitive officer selection processes, advanced training, an emphasis on military history and individual initiative in combat, and a commitment to objectivity in planning and analysis. Indeed, Depuy says the General Staff was able to institutionalize military genius, usually found only in rare individuals such as Hannibal, Gustavus Adolphus, Napoleon and others in the pantheon of military greats. As abhorrent as Nazi policies may have been - and as culpable as the officer corps may have been in the atrocities of the Nazi regime by either direct collaboration or failure to intervene - Depuy argues that nothing can take away from the fact that the German army consistently out-planned, out-manuevered, and out-fought the Allies. Moreover, they often accomplished these feats against incredible odds, including significantly smaller forces, lack of air superiority, and the complete compromise of their operational plans through successful Allied code-breaking efforts.
It should be noted that while Depuy's work is highly readable and sound on facts, it is far from original. His citations - which are few and far between - come almost exclusively from secondary sources. Depuy doesn't make any significant contribution to our understanding of the General Staff, its genesis, development and accomplishments beyond what Ritter ("The Sword and Scepter"), Craig ("The Politics of the Prussian Army"), Goerlitz ("A History of the German General Staff") and others have already made. These three sources, in particular, clearly were the foundation of Depuy's work, although he does, at times, take issue with some of their conclusions.
Its lack of originality doesn't mean the book is without value or virtue. Indeed, for those looking for a concise review of the history of the German General Staff with a distinct focus on how it influenced combat effectiveness, and not wishing to delve into a book long on details and thoroughly academic in nature, Depuy's "A Genius for War" may be the right book for you. If, however, you are interested in a more complete study of the General Staff, including the critical issues of civil-military relations and one that puts German military developments in the context of the European state system of the times, this reviewer would strongly suggest that you stick with Craig, Ritter and Goerlitz.
Rating: 5
Summary: More than military history
Comment: I would like to add these points to the comments of the Texas reviewer:
This is more than military history - it's a rigorous and convincing demonstration that organization matters, and the correct approach to organization development can affect the course of history.
The book had its beginning in Dupuy's discovery that his standard simulation did not match the facts. Rather than ignore the discrepancy, he set out to find out what was wrong with the simulation, and the result is this admirable book.
Counter-historians can ask what would have happened if the king of Prussia had not been able to have Gerhard von Scharnhorst head his Military Reorganization Commission after the disastrous defeat of 1806.
Authors between projects can ask themselves why there is no biography in English of Scharnhorst.
Rating: 5
Summary: Excellent and Highly Intellectual!
Comment: Right at the very beginning, and at the conclusion, Dupuy corrected some of the most common stereotypes in our minds: the Prussia/German armed force has no monopoly on discipline nor soldierly quality; historically speaking, German people has no obvious warlike nor militaristic tendency, compared with Romans, Celts, Vikings, Mongols, Turks; from the outstanding performance of the current Bundeswehr, a democratic and constitutional government can go hand in hand with military effectiveness; from the expansionist colonial policy of Britain, France, and US in 19th century, and that of Rome and Athens in ancient time, democracy does not necessarily prevent military aggression; military genius like Napoleon, Hannibal etc are not free from making bad mistakes, we call them genius partly because their opponents outblundered them.
This book gives very thorough and insightful analysis of how military genius and effectiveness are systemmatically institutionalized ever since General Scharnhorst proposed this concept in late 18th century. General Scharnhorst, after the Prussian defeat at Jena, together with Gneisenau, Boyen, Grolman and Clausewitz (the 5 "Reformers") pioneered in theories of General Staff as a self-perpetuating institution in maintaining an armed force at the highest readiness for war, and transforming theories into doctrine and organization.
The unmatchable military excellence of the Prusso-German General Staff and Army were demonstrated throughout the 19th-20th century, and chronologically illustrated in the book . Its influence endures up to now and future.
Ever since 1807, Prussia-Germany no longer has to count on the rise of genius like Napoleon or Frederick the Great to win battles; the General Staff respond and adapt to changes, continuously update and upgrade itself, study military experience and history with seriousness and objectiveness, produce intellectual and intelligent officers to direct, plan, coordinate and prepare for wars, and even defeat opposing armies that were led by genius!
Dupuy has written such a splendid book of wisdom, I highly recommend this book for anyone who is interested in modern European military history, probably one of the best of its kind.
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Title: Moltke on the Art of War: Selected Writings by Danielj. Hughes, Daniel J. Hughes, Harry Bell ISBN: 0891415750 Publisher: Presidio Press Pub. Date: 01 December, 1995 List Price(USD): $19.00 |
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Title: Tigers in the Mud: The Combat Career of German Panzer Commander Otto Carius (Stackpole Military History Series) by Otto Carius, Robert J. Edwards ISBN: 0811729117 Publisher: Stackpole Books Pub. Date: 01 September, 2003 List Price(USD): $19.95 |
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Title: Quest for Decisive Victory: From Stalemate to Blitzkrieg in Europe, 1899¿ by Robert M. Citino ISBN: 0700611762 Publisher: University Press of Kansas Pub. Date: 01 June, 2002 List Price(USD): $39.95 |
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Title: The Politics of the Prussian Army 1640-1945 by Gordon Alexander Craig ISBN: 0195002571 Publisher: Oxford University Press Pub. Date: 01 June, 1964 List Price(USD): $30.95 |
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Title: In Deadly Combat: A German Soldier's Memoir of the Eastern Front (Modern War Studies (Paperback)) by Gottlob Herbert Bidermann, Derek S. Zumbro, Dennis Showalter ISBN: 0700611223 Publisher: University Press of Kansas Pub. Date: 01 September, 2001 List Price(USD): $17.95 |
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